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Buffalo Soldiers Facts

Rebecca Partington, Lucy Oppenheimer

A buffalo soldier was an African-American serving in one of the U.S. Army’s African-American regiments. The term buffalo soldier is derived from an Indian term that described the perceived resemblance between the soldiers’ hair and a buffalo’s head hair. It is unclear whether the term originated in the Cheyenne, Apache, or Kiowa tribe. It is still a matter of contention whether the Indians meant respect or disrespect by using this term.

The regiments in which the buffalo soldiers served were the 9th and 10th Cavalry Regiments and the 38th, 39th, 40th, and 41st Infantry Regiments. These regiments were created by a reorganization act in 1866, and were meant to recognize African-Americans’ contribution in the Civil War. Despite this, the commissioned officers in the buffalo soldier regiments were almost always white, although there were a few black officers such as Henry O. Flipper.

At first, the buffalo soldiers were posted mainly at isolated frontier forts. They were often illiterate due to being former slaves, and their difficulties were not eased by the army’s failure to provide them with proper supplies. In addition, they were subjected to much racial hostility and sometimes were even victims of violence from white civilians. In the early 1900s, they were assigned labor and service duties rather than combat duties, which might be interpreted as more discrimination against the buffalo soldier regiments.

They were stationed throughout the Southwestern and Great Plains regions of the United States. The buffalo soldiers were involved in conflicts with hostile Indians, Mexican border skirmishes, the Philippine War, and battles in Cuba, and distinguished themselves many times in battle. Six officers and thirteen of the enlisted soldiers earned the Medal of Honor during the Indian Wars. Five more buffalo soldiers earned the Medal of Honor during the Spanish-American War. The buffalo soldier regiments continued to serve until after the Korean War.

The buffalo soldier regiments also served in Yosemite and Sequoia, two of the oldest national parks. One notable buffalo soldier was Captain Charles Young, who was the third black man to graduate from West Point and who, in 1903, began to serve in the 9th Calvary Regiment in Sequoia National Park. In that year he also became the first black superintendent of any American national park.

Buffalo Soldier

During his tenure there, the 9th Calvary built the first trail to the top of Mr. Whitney and the first passable wagon road into the Giant Forest in Sequoia National Park. They also constructed an arboretum, which was the first museum in any American national park. When Young died

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Who is God: A Definition

by: Jake Tostada

God is a word that means different things to different people. To many Taoist or Buddhist the word is not part of their religion’s glossary. To Hindus that word has a different meaning than it does to a Christian. Muslims have a different perspective and so do the Jews. So for the purpose of The Mystic Doctrines website, we need a common definition of God.

Quoting different sources from each religion before revealing the definition.

Taoism

Tao, the subtle reality of the universe cannot be described, That which can be described in words is mearly a conception of the mind. Although names and descriptions have been applied to it, the subtle reality is beyond the description.

Tao Teh Ching – beginning of chapter 1

The subtle essense of the universe is elusive and evasive.

It is the subtle origin of the whole of creation and non-creation. It existed prior to the beginning of time as the deep and subtle reality of the universe. It brings all into being.

Tao Teh Ching – portions of chapter 21

Buddhism

“There is, O monks, an unborn, unoriginated, uncreated, unformed. Were there not, O monks, this unborn, unoriginated, uncreated, unformed, there would be no escape from the world of the born, originated, created, formed.

“Since, O monks, there is an unborn, unoriginated, uncreated, and unformed, therefore is there an escape from the born, originated, created, formed.”

The Gospel of Buddha – Sermon at the bamboo grove at Rajagaha

Hinduism

Neither the multitude of gods nor great sages know of my origin, for I am the source of all the gods and great sages.

A mortal who knows me as the unborn, beginningless great lord of the worlds is freed from all delusion and all evils.

The Bhagavad-Gita – The tenth teaching, verses 2 & 3

Sihkism

There is One, only One Supreme Being, Truth Eternal, Creator of all seen & unseen, Fearless, Without hatred, Timeless Being, Non-Incarnated, Self created, Realized by the Grace of Guru (Perfect Master Only.)

Guru Granth Sahib Page 1

Judaism

In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.

Genesis 1:1

For thus saith the Eternal that created the heavens; God himself that formed the earth and made it; he hath established it, he created it not in vain, he formed it to be inhabited: I am the self existent One; and there is none else.

Isaiah 45:18

Christianity

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God Himself. He was present originally with God. All things were made and came into existence through Him; and without him was not one thing made that has come into being.

Gospel of John 1:1-3

Sufism

You are the Absolute Existence which causes (our) transient (existences) to appear.

Masnavi – Book 1 – Creator and Creation

Now, a definition of God.

God is the indescribable, uncreated, self existent, eternal all knowing source of all reality and being.

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Meaning of Flag Draped Coffin

All Americans should be given this lesson. Those who think that America is an arrogant nation should really reconsider that thought. Our founding fathers used GOD’s word and teachings to establish our Great Nation and I think it’s high time Americans get re-educated about this Nation’s history.

Pass it along and be proud of the country we live in and even more proud of those who serve to protect our ‘GOD GIVEN’ rights and freedoms.

I hope you take the time to read this … To understand what the flag

Draped coffin really means … Here is how to understand the flag that lay upon it and is surrendered to so many widows and widowers.

Do you know that at military funerals, the 21-gun salute stands for the sum of the numbers in the year 1776?

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Have you ever noticed the honor guard pays meticulous attention to

Correctly folding the United States of America Flag 13 times? You probably thought it was to symbolize the original 13 colonies, but we learn something new every day!

The 1st fold of the flag is a symbol of life.

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The 2nd fold is a symbol of the belief in eternal life.

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The 3rd fold is made in honor and remembrance of the veterans departing the ranks who gave a portion of their lives for the defense of the country to attain peace throughout the world.

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The 4th fold represents the weaker nature, for as American citizens

Trusting in God, it is to Him we turn in times of peace as well as in time of war for His divine guidance.

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The 5th fold is a tribute to the country, for in the words of Stephen

Decatur, ‘Our Country, in dealing with other countries, may she always be right; but it is still our country, right or wrong.’

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The 6th fold is for where people’s hearts lie. It is with their heart that

They pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States Of America, and the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, indivisible, with Liberty and Justice for all.

The 7th fold is a tribute to its Armed Forces, for it is through the Armed Forces that they protect their country and their flag against all her enemies, whether they be found within or without the boundaries of their republic.

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The 8th fold is a tribute to the one who entered into the valley of the

Shadow of death, that we might see the light of day.

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The 9th fold is a tribute to womanhood, and Mothers. For it has been

Through their faith, their love, loyalty and devotion that the character of the men and women who have made this country great has been molded.

The 10th fold is a tribute to the father, for he, too, has given his sons

And daughters for the defense of their country since they were first born.

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The 11th fold represents the lower portion of the seal of King David and King Solomon and glorifies in the Hebrews eyes, the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.

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The 12th fold represents an emblem of eternity and glorifies, in the

Christians eyes, God the Father, the Son and Holy Spirit.

The 13th fold, or when the flag is completely folded, the stars are

Uppermost reminding them of their nations motto, ‘In God We Trust.’

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After the flag is completely folded and tucked in, it takes on the

Appearance of a cocked hat, ever reminding us of the soldiers who served under General George Washington, and the Sailors and Marines who served under Captain John Paul Jones, who were followed by their comrades and shipmates in the Armed Forces of the United States, preserving for them the rights, privileges and freedoms they enjoy today.

There are some traditions and ways of doing things that have deep meaning.

In the future, you’ll see flags folded and now you will know why.

Share this with the children you love and all others who love what is

Referred to, the symbol of ‘Liberty and Freedom.’

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MAYBE THE SUPREME COURT SHOULD READ THIS EXPLANATION BEFORE THEY RENDER THEIR DECISION ON THE PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE. FORWARD IT; MAYBE SOMEONE WITH THE NECESSARY POWER, OR POLITICAL AND FINANCIAL INFLUENCE, WILL GET IT TO THEM.

IN THE MEANTIME, MAY GOD PROTECT US ALWAYS?

ONE NATION, UNDER GOD, WITH LIBERTY AND JUSTICE FOR ALL.

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Haters

By Maya Angelou

A hater is someone who is jealous and envious and spends all their Time trying to make you look small so they can look Tall. They are very negative people to say the least; Nothing is ever Good enough!

When you make your mark, you will always attract some haters… That’s why you have to be careful with whom you share your Blessings and your Dreams, because some folk can’t handle seeing You Blessed…

It’s dangerous to be like somebody else… If God wanted you to be Like somebody else, He would have given you what He gave them! Right?

You never know what people have gone though to get what they Have… The problem I have with haters is that they see my glory, but they Don’t know my story….

If the grass looks greener on the other side of the fence, you Can rest assured that the water bill is higher there too!

We’ve all got some haters among us! Some people envy you because you can:

a) Have a relationship with God

b) Light up a room when you walk in

c) Start your own business

d) Tell a man/woman to hit the curb (if he/she isn’t about the right thing)

e) You are a strong person and don’t let people run you over

f) You have a strong and loving marriage and they can’t get in-between spouses to spoil it,

Haters can’t stand to see you happy!

Haters will never want to see you succeed. Most of our haters are people who are supposed to be on our side (like some family and so call friends).

How do you handle your undercover haters? You can handle these haters by:

1. Knowing who you are & who your true friends are; *(VERY IMPORTANT!!)

2. Having a purpose to your life: Purpose does not Mean having a job. You can have a job and still be Unfulfilled. A purpose is having a clear sense of what God has called you to be. Your purpose is not defined by what others think about you;

3. By remembering that what you have is by divine; Prerogative and not human manipulation.

Fulfill your dreams! You only have one life to live…when it’s your Time to leave this earth, you want to be able to say, I’ve lived my Life and fulfilled my dreams, Now I’m ready to go HOME! When God gives you favor, you can tell your haters, ‘Don’t look at Me…Look at who is in charge of me…’

Pass this to all of your family & friends who you know are Not hating on you including the person who sent it to you. If you don’t get it back, maybe you called somebody out! Don’t worry about it, it’s not your problem, it’s theirs. Just pray for them, that their life can be as fulfilled as Yours! Watch out for Haters…BUT most of all don’t become A HATER!

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Learning to Live Within Your Means

By: Carey Keavy

“The best things carried to excess are wrong.” —Charles Churchill

We should all know exactly what the phrase “living within our means” truly is, but unfortunately, in a society such as ours—we must re-educate ourselves regarding this term. The intention of this saying is to teach those who have a yearning’ to spend and have to save and wait instead.

There is nothing wrong with buying something that we want, if we can afford to do so and if the consequences of that purchase will not affect others such as if you are not able to tithe or give to your church because of your spending habits; if you are unable to quit your job to be with your kids because you continue racking up the charge accounts.

It is extremely difficult to live in our culture and not be tempted to live beyond our means. Most of the people you and I know are indulging themselves in every buying whim when given the opportunity. The concept of delayed gratification is one that has not caught on as a widely accepted way of life in America. Credit has been used as the lazy man’s way of acquiring material possessions. With only seventeen years of easy payments, you can own virtually anything you desire—why would we opt for saving our money to purchase items with cash when it’s just as simple as driving to the store with plastic in hand?

An exaggerated sense of entitlement in America is a rampant problem facing many today. If we look back only two generations, we see that the material wealth our grandparents possessed took them a lifetime to acquire. Most married folk would not buy a home until they were in their thirties or forties, and some never did. The generations of today practically come out of the womb expecting to have everything their parents have without putting in the hard work. That’s exactly where using credit comes in—to replace the discipline of hard work and financial self-control.

Below are a few tips to help you begin the process of living within your means:

• Use discernment. Always keep in mind the distinction between the terms “want” and “need”. I have found that some people have an extremely difficult time discerning these two ideas. Remember that a need is defined as necessary food (nutritious), water, basic shelter, necessary clothing (functional, non-duplicate) and oxygen.

• Stick to your list. Always use a list when going into a store, and more importantly—discipline yourself to stay on the list. Sometimes, I like to fill up my cart with impulse buys along the way, and give them to the clerk at the checkout line. I explain with a smile that I don’t really need the items, and that they were impulse buys. The exhilarating rush of the purchase is still there—and so is the extra money in my checking account!

• Bring a wad of cash. Use cash when shopping for groceries and essentials and bring a calculator to make sure you have enough to pay for what’s in your cart. Using cash can help you to stay on the list— avoiding frivolous impulse buying.

• Try not to buy new. When considering an item for purchase, always stretch yourself to imagine if you could possibly buy the same item used for a considerable discount on eBay, at a garage sale, thrift or consignment store, or if you could borrow the item from someone you know. If you are planning on buying a new item at $100.00, but could wait a week or a month to save $50.00 or $75.00 by just shopping around or buying used—isn’t it worth it? Why spend more than you have to? There have been many items I have wanted to purchase, but then borrowed them from a friend instead. Let me tell you that most of those items ended up only being used once anyway, with no desire to ever use them again, like the ice cream maker, and the books I never opened . . . and the . . .

• Keep your buttocks out of the stores. Limit store visits to once a week, once every two weeks or even once a month. The retail store is not designed to be a place to help you keep your money in your pocket. There are tons of gimmicks and mental persuasions planted along every aisle with the purpose of distracting you from your list. It wouldn’t surprise me if Eve wasn’t really tempted in the “Garden of Eden”, but in the “Target of Eden.” Retailers count on each consumer to buy at least six percent of their purchases on impulse! This means that they plan for you to come into the store with a list of ten items, and to leave their store toting sixteen items out to the car. Why do you think these retail stores spend millions of dollars researching consumer buying habits and performing customer census? Maybe it’s because they’ve been planning to throw a huge birthday party for all of their customers and want to give them all exactly what they want! Let’s face it, they want your Benjamin’s, and they know that we love to buy pretty, fluffy, colorful things that they place right at eye level.

• Use the money = time spent theory. When looking at a potential purchase, discover how many hours it takes you or your husband to work to earn the amount of money needed for the item. Example: If your husband earns $20.00 per hour and you are considering buying a $300.00 dress and shoes that you may only wear once—your husband will have had to put in fifteen hours of work to buy you that dress.

That is almost two full days of labor! If the store told you that they would be happy to let you have the dress and shoes if you worked in their store for fifteen hours, would this still sound like a good deal? Decide if the purchase is a good trade-off using this method.

• Keep a running list of WANTED items. Keep an ongoing list posted in your home of the items you wish to buy and the date you decided you wanted to have it. This may include an item you spotted at the store during one of your mature “I always stay on the list” shopping trips! Make a commitment with your spouse— agreeing that you will discuss even the smallest purchase plans with each other. The rule is that items must be on the list for thirty days before being purchased. If you really want the item that badly, you can use the next thirty days to save up for it by setting aside ¼ of the purchase price each week for the next month. The funny thing is most of the things you have on the list will probably no longer interest you by the end of the month. How does that classify it? Impulse buys! Naughty!

• Don’t use retail advertisements as entertainment. Search newspaper retail advertisements and catalogs only when in need of a specific item. That kind of entertainment will merely entertain your thoughts long enough to plant a seed of greed. Started noticing that every time I received one of those awesome clothing catalogs in the mail, I was completely dissatisfied with my wardrobe for weeks afterward, with my new wardrobe shopping list all filled out. It dawned on me that the day before the catalog arrived in the mail, I was happy with my clothing collection. I now have a standard catalog-throwing-away-ritual that usually begins with me yearning to browse its pages—but ends with the repetitious chanting, “My life was just fine before you came to my house, and it will be just fine after you’re in the garbage!” This mantra is then followed by the swift descent of the catalog into the depths of the trash bin. Adios!

• Don’t fall for the sneaky trap of justification. “Oh, it won’t hurt—It’s just one little shopping spree on credit . . . you’ll be able to pay that off in no time— and it’s on clearance—you have to get it!” Please be aware that no one gets into $50,000 of debt by going out and charging an S.U.V. Big credit card balances happens one charge at a time. What harm could come from the innocent, single little drop of a leaky faucet? But if the faucet drips into a plugged sink, and drips . . . and drips . . . soon you find a flooded house. These small sprees add up, and soon enough—you’ll be working your buns off to pay all that debt you’ve racked up.

Use financial good-sense and delayed gratification to build a secure future for yourself and your family. Not having something now means having something worthwhile later on…whether that something is a comfortable retirement, a cushy savings account or a dream vacation. Spend wisely…and tightly!

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The Oldest Profession in the World

The Oldest Profession in the World: Prostitution!
Written by Eya

When it comes to sex trafficking, there is a lot of tension among abolitionists over the topic of prostitution. On the extreme ends, some see all prostitution as a form of trafficking while others make a clear distinction between a person who is a prostitute and someone who is a victim of trafficking. There is, of course, a lot of grey area in between. I bring this up though because today I’m feeling a little frustrated with people who make statements such as, “Prostitution is the oldest profession” or “It’s been around for centuries,” – as if that somehow proves a point or justifies anything in the prostitution vs. trafficking debate (or, the more common debate over whether prostitution should be legalized).

I hate it when people point this out – as if it somehow legitimates anything. Just because something has been around for a long time, doesn’t mean it’s a good thing.

It’s hard to say that women 2000+ years ago chose prostitution of their own free will – more likely, they chose it because it was the only option. It was certainly not some grand statement of female empowerment – rather it was a reaction to the social restrictions placed on women at the time. (Now, some might point to various societies where sex was not as taboo or wrapped up in morality as we see it today, and to them I say that we are talking about commercial transactions for sex – and that if someone can point out a society where prostitution was just as valid a decision as any other business endeavor, and garnered just as much respect and inclusion in society without any opportunity costs (such as marriage) that other business endeavors did not have – I’m willing to listen). ANYWAY – fast forward 2000 years and I wonder how much of this has changed – how much of the decision to become a sex worker today is an enthusiastic embracement of one’s own sexuality and the desire to express it in a particular manner, and how much of the decisions is a product of circumstances.

In the present day tension, the idea that someone might choose or even be forced to become a sex worker because of certain circumstances is often overlooked. Now, it is true that, at least from a federal law perspective there has to be some sort of force, fraud, or coercion involved for a commercial transaction involving sex to be considered trafficking. What isn’t so clear is what those three words mean. For many, there seems to be this idea that they refer to actions of violence – the woman was chained to the bed, or a gun was held to her head, or she was beaten until she finally submitted. Others consider a definition that affords a little more breadth, so that things like deliberate/blatant psychological coercion or manipulation will qualify as trafficking.

Absent some egregious factor such as specific and/or severe physical, sexual, or psychological abuse (from a pimp or from her past) though, many people assume that a woman who is a sex worker is doing it of her own volition – she wants to be there, it was her choice, etc. I think though, that other circumstances play an important role in the idea of consent and that there is room in the idea of force, fraud, or coercion for a different interpretation of consent – one that considers background circumstances that may ‘force’ a woman into prostitution.

Consent in my mind means active and enthusiastic yes. This can include a woman who chooses, of her own accord, to engage in sexual acts for money.

I do not deny that some women will and do choose, of their own volition, without any sort of past hardship or lack of opportunity, to become a sex worker – BUT I think the number of women who fit into this category is very, very small. I think that a large number of women who become sex workers are pushed to that decision by other factors in their life, and when you start adding those factors in, the line between consent and force, fraud, or coercion becomes blurry. What about the woman who did not have the opportunity for an education that would provide her with job skills? What about the woman who has kids to take care of but can’t find a job that pays enough? What about the woman who grew up in foster care, or in a family environment surrounded by drug abuse, or the one who is just down on her luck? Are these women victims of trafficking, or are they consenting sex workers?

I am not in any way making a moral judgment here. For your purposes and mine, I have no opinion on the morality of sex workers. What I am trying to do is reframe the debate so people stop seeing it as a black and white, good vs. bad issue. I’m asking people to look a little deeper, beyond the question of whether a woman should be allowed to choose to sell her body, beyond the question of whether the government has any right to outlaw a person’s rights over their own body, and look beyond the apparent consenting adult ethos. Ask yourself what consent really means, and again, are these women victims of trafficking, or are they consenting sex workers?

My answer? I don’t know. Maybe this type of circumstance-created sex work doesn’t rise to the level of trafficking, but at the same time I hardly think you can view it as enthusiastic consent. I tend to think that many women who are sex workers would not be in that profession if they were given the opportunity for something else (and the idea of a different set of opportunities can go the whole way back to childhood). I also tend to think that the image we see of sex workers – on TV, on news shows that discuss the topic, etc – is a much more glamorous version of what most sex workers experience. I get a sense that the women who go on to news programs to advocate for sex workers (sometimes actual workers, sometimes not) are the exceptions to the rule – maybe even the ones that did have the opportunities others miss. (NB: that was a huge blanket statement there. Please excuse for the sake of the argument).

Now, for a full disclosure that hopefully won’t distract from my above point – I don’t know what I think about prostitution being legalized either. Some days I favor the idea of legalizing it – because a woman should be able to decide what she does with her body, and even if the only reason she is involved is due to circumstances that forced her there (money issues for example), far be it from me to limit the ways she has to escape those circumstances, or force her into a worse situation because that avenue of income is unavailable. Now, on those days I still favor prosecuting those who create the demand for such services to the maximum possible under the law. I have no time for people who pay for sex – I think it is wrong and pathetic and there is no way you will ever convince me that the payor is not exploiting the payee, even if the payee is a consenting adult.

This is one of the few things I will express a judgment on with no reservations or qualifications whatsoever (although the law student in me still feels the need to reserve the right to change that statement, should anyone make a valid argument that convinces me I am wrong). For more on the idea of legalizing prostitution but outlawing the demand side.

Oh – and also – take a moment to think about the phrase, “Prostitution is the oldest profession in history” before you use it to justify present day prostitution. Whether you are for or against the legalization, basing your argument on the reality of a few thousand years ago is just silly.

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To Kill an American

Written by an Australian Dentist

You probably missed this in the rush of news, but there was actually a report that someone in Pakistan had published in a newspaper, an offer of a reward to anyone who killed an American, any American.

So an Australian dentist wrote an editorial the following day to let everyone know what an American is. So they would know when they found one. (Good one, mate!!!!)

‘An American is English, or French, or Italian, Irish, German, Spanish, Polish, Russian or Greek. An American may also be Canadian, Mexican, African, Indian, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Australian, Iranian, Asian, or Arab, or Pakistani or Afghan.

An American may also be a Comanche, Cherokee, Osage, Blackfoot, Navaho, Apache, Seminole or one of the many other tribes known as native Americans.

An American is Christian, or he could be Jewish, or Buddhist, or Muslim. In fact, there are more Muslims in America than in Afghanistan. The only difference is that in America they are free to worship as each of them chooses.

An American is also free to believe in no religion… For that he will answer only to God, not to the government, or to armed thugs claiming to speak for the government and for God.

An American lives in the most prosperous land in the history of the world.

The root of that prosperity can be found in the Declaration of Independence, which recognizes the God given right of each person to the pursuit of happiness…

An American is generous… Americans have helped out just about every other nation in the world in their time of need, never asking a thing in return.

When Afghanistan was over-run by the Soviet army 20 years ago, Americans came with arms and supplies to enable the people to win back their country!

As of the morning of September 11, Americans had given more than any other nation to the poor in Afghanistan.

The national symbol of America, The Statue of Liberty, welcomes your tired and your poor, the wretched refuse of your teeming shores, the homeless, tempest tossed. These in fact are the people who built America

Some of them were working in the Twin Towers the morning of September 11, 2001 earning a better life for their families… It’s been told that the World Trade Center victims were from at least 30 different countries, cultures, and first languages, including those that aided and abetted the terrorists.

So you can try to kill an American if you must. Hitler did. So did General Tojo, and Stalin, and Mao Tse-Tung, and other blood-thirsty tyrants in the world… But, in doing so you would just be killing yourself. Because Americans are not a particular people from a particular place. They are the embodiment of the human spirit of freedom. Everyone who holds to that spirit, everywhere, is an American.

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Introduction to Anxiety

Generalized anxiety disorder (or GAD) is characterized by excessive, exaggerated anxiety and worry about everyday life events with no obvious reasons for worry. People with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder tend to always expect disaster and can’t stop worrying about health, money, family, work, or school. In people with GAD, the worry often is unrealistic or out of proportion for the situation. Daily life becomes a constant state of worry, fear, and dread. Eventually, the anxiety so dominates the person’s thinking that it interferes with daily functioning, including work, school, social activities, and relationships.

What Are the Symptoms of GAD?

GAD affects the way a person thinks, but the anxiety can lead to physical symptoms, as well. Symptoms of GAD can include:

  • Excessive, ongoing worry and tension
  • An unrealistic view of problems
  • Restlessness or a feeling of being “edgy”
  • Irritability
  • Muscle tension
  • Headaches
  • Sweating
  • Difficulty concentrating
  • Nausea
  • The need to go to the bathroom frequently
  • Tiredness
  • Trouble falling or staying asleep
  • Trembling
  • Being easily startled

In addition, people with GAD often have other anxiety disorders (such as panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and phobias), suffer from depression, and/or abuse drugs or alcohol.

What Causes GAD?

The exact cause of GAD is not fully known, but a number of factors — including genetics, brain chemistry and environmental stresses — appear to contribute to its development.

  • Genetics: Some research suggests that family history plays a part in increasing the likelihood that a person will develop GAD. This means that the tendency to develop GAD may be passed on in families.
  • Brain chemistry: GAD has been associated with abnormal levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain. Neurotransmitters are special chemical messengers that help move information from nerve cell to nerve cell. If the neurotransmitters are out of balance, messages cannot get through the brain properly. This can alter the way the brain reacts in certain situations, leading to anxiety.
  • Environmental factors: Trauma and stressful events, such as abuse, the death of a loved one, divorce, changing jobs or schools, may lead to GAD. GAD also may become worse during periods of stress. The use of and withdrawal from addictive substances, including alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine, can also worsen anxiety.

How Common Is GAD?

About 4 million adult Americans suffer from GAD during the course of a year. It most often begins in childhood or adolescence, but can begin in adulthood. It is more common in women than in men.

How Is GAD Diagnosed?

If symptoms of GAD are present, the doctor will begin an evaluation by asking questions about your medical history and performing a physical examination. Although there are no laboratory tests to specifically diagnose anxiety disorders, the doctor may use various tests to look for physical illness as the cause of the symptoms.

The doctor bases his or her diagnosis of GAD on reports of the intensity and duration of symptoms — including any problems with functioning caused by the symptoms. The doctor then determines if the symptoms and degree of dysfunction indicate a specific anxiety disorder. GAD is diagnosed if symptoms are present for more days than not during a period of at least six months. The symptoms also must interfere with daily living, such as causing you to miss work or school.

How Is GAD Treated?

If no physical illness is found, you may be referred to a psychiatrist or psychologist, mental health professionals who are specially trained to diagnose and treat mental illnesses like GAD. Treatment for GAD most often includes a combination of medication and cognitive-behavioral therapy.

  • Medication: Drugs are available to treat GAD and may be especially helpful for people whose anxiety is interfering with daily functioning. The medications most often used to treat GAD in the short-term are from a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. These medications are sometimes referred to as “tranquilizers,” because they leave you feeling calm and relaxed. They work by decreasing the physical symptoms of GAD, such as muscle tension and restlessness. Common benzodiazepines include Xanax, Librium, Valium and Ativan. Antidepressants, such as Paxil, Effexor, Prozac, Lexapro, and Zoloft, are also being used to treat GAD. These antidepressants may take a few weeks to start working but they’re more appropriate for long-term treatment of GAD.
  • Cognitive-behavioral therapy: People suffering from anxiety disorders often participate in this type of therapy, in which you learn to recognize and change thought patterns and behaviors that lead to anxious feelings. This type of therapy helps limit distorted thinking by looking at worries more realistically.

In addition, relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing and biofeedback, may help to control the muscle tension that often accompanies GAD.

Are There Side Effects of GAD Treatment?

Dependency on anti-anxiety medications (benzodiazepines) is a potential complication of treatment. Side effects of antidepressants vary by specific drug and the person taking them. Common side effects can include sleepiness, weight gain, and sexual problems.

What Is the Outlook for People With GAD?

Although many people with GAD cannot be cured and symptoms can return from time to time, most people gain substantial relief from their symptoms with proper treatment.

Can GAD Be Prevented?

Anxiety disorders like GAD cannot be prevented. However, there are some things that you can do to control or lessen symptoms, including:

  • Stop or reduce your consumption of products that contain caffeine, such as coffee, tea, cola and chocolate.
  • Ask your doctor or pharmacist before taking any over-the-counter medicines or herbal remedies. Many contain chemicals that can increase anxiety symptoms.
  • Exercise daily and eat a healthy, balanced diet.
  • Seek counseling and support after a traumatic or disturbing experience.
  • Practice stress management techniques like yoga or meditation
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INDUSTRY PROFILE – Janie Hendrix

INDUSTRY PROFILE

Janie & Jimi Hendrix

Janie Hendrix

Posted: February 4, 2010

By Larry LeBlanc

Forty years after his untimely death at 27, Jimi Hendrix’s musical legacy continues to be appreciated by his fans while attracting new followers, and transcending generational boundaries.

According to sources, Hendrix’s catalog sells some 500,000 albums annually in the United States, while worldwide sales average about 1.2 million units per year. His songs have been covered by everyone from Eric Clapton to John Mayer

While Hendrix’s catalog has been continuously repackaged over the years we will now hear more–much more–from the legendary singer/guitarist who passed away Sept. 18, 1970 in London.

Last year, Seattle-based Experience Hendrix, the Hendrix family-owned company founded by Al Hendrix, Jimi’s father–and now headed by Jimi’s stepsister Janie Hendrix as its president/CEO–struck an 8 year worldwide licensing deal with Sony Music Entertainment.

The deal took effect Jan. 1, 2010. Universal Music Group had previously held the master licenses for the bulk of the Hendrix catalog since 1997.

This year Sony will launch an extensive reissue program that includes deluxe CD/DVD versions of “Are You Experienced?,” “Axis: Bold As Love,” “Electric Ladyland” by the Jimi Hendrix Experience; the Dagger Records officially-sanctioned “bootleg” line; and previously unreleased archival recordings and filmed concerts.

Last year, Experience Hendrix shifted administration of the Hendrix publishing catalog from Sony/ATV Music Publishing to Universal Music Publishing Group. Sony/ATV had administered the Hendrix catalog outside the U.S. since 1998. The U.S. publishing rights continue to be handled by Experience Hendrix.

The first issue under the Sony Music Entertainment deal is “Valleys of Neptune” on March 9th. It is an album, produced by Janie Hendrix, John McDermott and Hendrix’s longtime engineer Eddie Kramer, of 12 previously unreleased studio recordings primarily from 1969.

Among the album’s highlights are the title track—being released globally ahead of the album; covers of Elmore James’ blues classic “Bleeding Heart” and Cream’s “Sunshine of Your Love”; and Hendrix original songs “Ships Passing Through The Night,” and “Lullaby For The Summer.” Also included is “Mr. Bad Luck,” a track recorded from “ Axis: Bold as Love” sessions in 1967.

Also being released on March 9th are CD/DVD versions of the albums “Are You Experienced?,” “Axis: Bold As Love,” “Electric Ladyland,” and “First Rays of the New Rising Sun.” Each features documentaries directed by the Bob Smeaton with interviews with former Experience members Noel Redding, Mitch Mitchell, and Billy Cox; former producer/co-manager Chas Chandler; and Kramer.

In addition, the 1969 Experience compilation “Smash Hits” is being reintroduced, and “Live At Woodstock” will now be available, both as a DVD, and as a Blu-ray Disc.

At some point, Hendrix’s core recording catalog will be issued as a box set for the first time.

Meanwhile, Experience Hendrix Tour 2010, a 17-date national tour presented by Experience Hendrix, kicks off March 4th. It will include Joe Satriani, Jonny Lang, Eric Johnson, Kenny Wayne Shepherd, Brad Whitford, Doyle Bramhall II, and Ernie Isley, along with Cox.

Al Hendrix died in 2002 at the age of 82. By this time, Experience Hendrix, the company he founded and entrusted with preserving and protecting the legacy of Jimi Hendrix, had gained control of his master recordings.

In 1993, Al Hendrix had filed suited in federal court in Seattle against the Bella Godiva, Inherit, Elber, and Are You Experienced companies, as well as his former attorney Leo Branton Jr. Al Hendrix charged that Branton had wrongly transferred Jimi Hendrix’s assets to the co-defendant companies. In July, 1995 a settlement was reached that effectively transferred ownership of all Hendrix musical works to Al Hendrix.

Since then, there’s been a steady flow of officially-sanctioned Jimi Hendrix titles.

His prodigious studio and stage work have afforded Dagger an abundant amount of raw, if uneven, material from which to draw, Meanwhile, the Experience Hendrix imprint has issued such mainstream packages as “Experience Hendrix: The Best of Jimi Hendrix” (1998), the two-disc “BBC Sessions,” (1998), “Live at Woodstock” (1999), and “Live at the Fillmore East” (1999).

Under Janie Hendrix, adopted by Al Hendrix in 1968 when he married her mother, Experience Hendrix today makes every effort to safeguard Jimi Hendrix’s legacy for an estate that has grown to be worth over $80 million.

This, as you probably guess, has not been easy.

Last year, for example, a Seattle judge ordered the makers of Electric Hendrix Vodka to pay the estate $3.2 million in damages and cease selling the spirit.

In 2008, Experience Hendrix obtained summary judgment against the London Times. The UK court awarded Experience Hendrix recoupment of its legal costs while rejecting the legal arguments and related factual contentions advanced by the London Times over its alleged right to distribute a CD recording of the Jimi Hendrix Experience performing at the Albert Hall in London in 1969. The court will soon consider the amount of a damage award in a further proceeding.

In 2005, the High Court of Justice in London held that the U.K. indie label Purple Haze Records and Lawrence Miller were liable for infringing the rights of Experience Hendrix in their recordings of the Jimi Hendrix Experience’s 1969 Konserthuset performance in Stockholm.

In 1969, a Swedish broadcasting organization had filmed and recorded the Hendrix concert with permission. In 2004, Purple Haze released CDs of the concert, claiming rights through an assignment from attorney John Hillman, who claimed rights from Yameta, a Bahamas-based off shore company.

Many of the estate’s legal wrangles can be traced back to 1966 when Jimi Hendrix appointed Yameta, operated by nightclub owner Michael Jeffery and bassist/producer Chas Chandler, to be his manager; and he granted the company exclusive rights to his performances.

The company was entitled to a 40% share of gross payments made to Hendrix, but was excluded from receiving royalties from recordings or publishing under the manager’s control.

Jeffery, however, was killed in 1973 in a mid-air collision over Nantes, France, while aboard an Iberia Airlines DC-9, and legal tangles ensued. Former Hendrix co-manager/producer Chandler, also bassist with the Animals, died in 1996.

Two years ago, Janie was sued by Jimi’s younger brother, Leon Hendrix, Leon’s children and seven other members of the Hendrix family over the estate.

They claimed Janie schemed for years to have Leon cut from Al Hendrix’s will, and exploited his dependence on her and his legal naiveté to get her way.

During her time on the stand, Janie described how she had worked to help her father win back the legal rights to Jimi’s music.

In his 35-page decision, Judge Jeffrey Ramsdell said that Leon Hendrix didn’t prove that Janie Hendrix unlawfully coerced Al Hendrix into denying Leon and his children a place in the estate. Ramsdell added that Al Hendrix, while not healthy, appeared to know exactly what he was doing when he signed his 1998 will.

Does it get tiring dealing with Jimi Hendrix matters?

Never.

You’ve never heard “Purple Haze” and sighed?

Never. In fact, we have been listening to the VON (“Valleys of Neptune”) album. I’ve let my kids hear it. My youngest is a techie. He asked, “Mom can I download it on my computer.” I said, “No.” “Mom, you don’t trust me.” “It’s not that I don’t trust you but, if you want to listen to it, you ride with me in my car, and we will listen to it.”

Why so long for this album to be issued?

Well, after we started Experience Hendrix (in 1995) we knew that we had 10 years of recordings. This (album) was going to be part of the first phase. Then, when we found the Chas Chandler tapes for a box set, that took precedent. Then, along with some of the other releases, we pushed it back to the second phase. Knowing that we would have another 10 more years of music really makes us more valuable to Jimi, and to the record company.

The estimated annual sale in America for the Hendrix catalog is 500,000 units and 1.2 million units a year internationally.

So they say. I don’t know. I think it varies. I saw something in Forbes (business magazine) about us, and I thought, “Really?” A lot of times, they are guessing (about revenue).

Have you waited too long for this release of unheard tracks given the downward spiral of physical sales, and illegal downloading online?

Here it is four decades later (after Jimi’s passing). In two years, Jimi would have been 70. Hard to imagine. I don’t think we have waited too long because record sales are still doing well. Four months after any given release of an album (by Jimi) it goes “gold,” and it increases the catalog.

The fans that love Jimi’s music are not only loyal, but the older ones have followed him. They have seen Jimi in concert. They are now teaching the younger generation about him. We have fans as young as pre-teens wanting Jimi’s music. As every generation goes by, the kids are getting more and more excited about his music.

This “Valleys of Neptune” is an incredible album. It sounds as if it was recorded this year. It’s fresh. It’s new. It’s exciting. It doesn’t sound as if it was recorded in the ‘60s. It sounds as if Jimi here with us today and creating music still.

There’s continuity with Jimi’s original engineer Eddie Kramer still being involved in his music.

Absolutely. It is really amazing working with Eddie. Being in the zoo with him is like going on an excursion in the country; and he can teach you what he has learned. It is like being with a professor that actually lived it; been there; and can share his experiences. Listening to a lot of the songs–if he’s at The Record Plant–also sparks conversations about some other things that might have happened; especially if he hears a portion of a song. Or, if we are working on a certain project, he will go, “Oh, you know, earlier that night or later on that night, this happened” or “this is what was happening here” or “we were in this studio, and these (people) happened to come by.” It really is great to have someone who was there, and who Jimi trusted.

You, Eddie and John McDermott have worked on several reissues. When was the first time you really got down and dirty on a project?

I would say the box set (“The Jimi Hendrix Experience” in 2000) was when we got really down and dirty. We were able to transfer all of those tapes in London at Abbey Road Studios, and hear everything that the (previous estate) administration had their hands on. Just to be able to hear songs in different versions was amazing. (Listening) was never-ending. It was just constant music for four days, 18 hours a day. That was incredible.

There’s another box set coming?

Yes. We are going to do a box set of the core albums. That has never been done for Jimi.

Will the box set be released this year?

You might not see it until the early part of 2011.

“Are You Experienced?,” “Axis: Bold As Love,” and “Electric Ladyland by the Jimi Hendrix Experience” are coming out with extra tracks, and on vinyl.

When we first started (releasing) vinyl, we got laughed at. It was like “Why do you want to vinyl? Nobody buys vinyl.” Even my dad told me, “”People are getting rid of their record players Janie, why are you putting out vinyl?” I told him, “Dad, it’s Economics 101. It’s supply and demand. People love it. Put a number on the back (of the album), and they love it ever more.” He said, “Well, that’s crazy.” But, it’s a nice way to give the fans a “blast from the past” as Jimi would say.

How about the Royal Albert Hall CD/DVD ?

Oh, gawd, you would bring up the Royal Albert Hall show. You know who our partner is on that, right? It’s Jerry Goldstein who started Avenue Records.

[Experience Hendrix has been planning a CD/DVD release of Jimi Hendrix and the Experience performing Feb. 18, and Feb. 24, 1969 at Royal Albert Hall. A camera crew followed Hendrix for a month, yielding candid footage of him at home, about town, and backstage.

Meanwhile, it was announced this week (Jan. 28, 2010) that Sly Stone, front man of the 1970s group Sly and The Family Stone, has sued Jerry Goldstein, his former manager, and several companies in Los Angeles, alleging that they set up several companies to divert royalty payments and leveraged Stone’s work and rights to accumulate as much as $80 million in assets.]

How did Jerry Goldstein get these rights?

Jerry Goldstein was doing Jimi’s merchandise at the time. He and Jimi had a 50/50 split (deal) on the video.

There’s a lot of video footage from, and around that show.

Yeah. We put it together, and it’s over 106 minutes long. It’s wonderful. But, we had a little situation with the London Times in 2006. They decided to throw the Roy Albert Hall (CD) into their Sunday circular, and give away over a million copies without asking us. They got (the master tapes) from Charly Records, So we sued the London Times and we won. We go to trial next month for a settlement.

[On September 10, 2006 the London Times released a CD recording of the Jimi Hendrix Experience performing at the Albert Hall in London as a “covermount” with its Sunday edition. Despite warnings from Experience Hendrix prior to the CD’s release, the London Times proceeded, citing a purported license of the material from an affiliate of Charly Records, whose claims to this material have long been disputed by Experience Hendrix. During the proceedings, the London Times attempted to validate the Charly Records claim, but the UK court rejected it.]

Why the deal with Sony Music Entertainment when you worked with Universal Music Group for 12 years?

When we knew that our contract was getting to be up, we talked to several record companies including Universal. As wonderful as Universal was to us, in many respects, as in any marriage nothing is perfect. There were a lot of changes that had happened over those 12 years.

In the beginning, we had the perfect marketing team and we had a wonderful (distribution) team that we really enjoyed working with. Over the years, many of these people were let go. When we started talking to Sony, talking to their marketing people, and expressing to them what we would like to see, and how we felt that Jimi should be marketed, Sony got it. They really understood. They also had a plethora of ideas as how to add onto that. We spent hours and hours in meetings with them, and we went to Portugal (for meetings) and met with their overseas affiliates.

This is an ambitious year for the Hendrix catalog. Did you conclude that the Hendrix catalog had been previously under marketed?

I don’t want to say necessarily that the catalog was under marketed, but I do think that it could have been marketed differently. There are avenues where we really wanted to take it, and we realized that Universal really couldn’t get us there, and Sony could. Some of the people in Sony’s marketing (department) are younger and more excited. They are hungry. They are really inspired (about Jimi) and they have a huge amount of ideas. Not just ideas but they have the knowledge, the capabilities, and the accessibility to the technology that they actually get it.

I remember when MP3s were coming out. We told Universal, “Let’s pay attention here. Downloading is going to be huge. Where is that revenue going? How are we going to make sure that we get the revenue that we need and that we deserve from these sales?” And, maybe like some other record companies, there was a real arrogance there. Like, “Well, we’re the record company.”

Meanwhile, you have shifted administration of the Hendrix publishing catalog from Sony/ATV Music Publishing to Universal Music Publishing Group.

We did that before we signed with Sony. We knew that we were going to go that route. Although Sony/ATV Music Publishing did nothing wrong with our publishing—they did an excellent job— our thinking is that we don’t want all our eggs in one basket.

Starting with the deal with Yameta, the Bahamas-based offshore company operated by nightclub owner Michael Jeffery and Chas Chandler, and with releases by Ed Chaplin’s PPX Industries, the Jimi Hendrix estate has been involved in conflicts for decades.

Yes. It is kind of like the Kennedy family curse. This is the Hendrix curse.

[In 2009 the UK media reported claims that Michael Jeffery had murdered Jimi Hendrix. James “Tappy” Wright, who was a roadie for Hendrix and the Animals in the 1960s, claimed he met Michael Jeffery one year after Hendrix’s death and that Jeffery confessed to the murder by plying Hendrix with pills and a bottle of wine. At the time of Hendrix’s death, a coroner recorded an open verdict, stating that the cause was “barbiturate intoxication and inhalation of vomit.”]

Was Jimi murdered?

I remember hearing about all of these conspiracy theories when I was a kid. They were really heartbreaking for my father. A lot of my understanding about things that happened about Jimi growing up has been through my father. It was very painful for him. My dad was 50 and he loses his 27 year old child. One thing my dad said to someone who asked him if he thought Jimi was murdered, “Whether he was or wasn’t, we can’t bring him back.”

Do I know if he was murdered? Do I want to point fingers today? Well, (most) every person that was involved with Jimi is dead now. There’s no way of us proving if it is true or not. I do know that he didn’t commit suicide. While it was asphyxiation, if something happened before, I honestly don’t know.

Overseeing the Jimi’s legacy is a massive task. You hear people saying, “What would Jimi Hendrix do” You are often painted as another Yoko Ono.

The evil one, right? Without me, my dad would have signed away everything.

Well, Jimi wasn’t a business person.

Jimi made music. I talked with Bootsy Collins not too long ago because I’m working on a project that he’s helping us out on. He said, “You know. I’m a musician. The moment I have to start handling the business part is the moment I lose focus on the music part.”

You have to have someone that takes care of business.

Well, that you trust. His wife Patti handles everything (as a business manager), and she does a good job.

Did the 1995 court case against your former attorney Leo Branton Jr. and others clear the air about the catalog?

Yes it did. It showed clear title and ownership. And, it unearthed a lot of information about these offshore companies–more than we had understood. There was Bella Godiva Music, for example. One of the reasons my dad ended up suing was that our attorney (Leo Branton) had told us Bella Godiva Music didn’t exist anymore. My dad had realized that our attorney had lied to him. Bella Godiva was Jimi’s publishing company. He created that name. He owned that publishing company.

Who owned the master rights of his recordings?

Jimi had control of his masters. So all of the masters ended up being signed over as a sale to these off shore companies. However, my dad was told it was a licensing agreement. We didn’t get the rights back until 1995. In 1993, we discovered that these offshore companies had ownership.

My dad and I were buying our own (Jimi Hendrix) CDs because the old administration wouldn’t give us any CDs. Clerks were like, “You are charging this and your last name is Hendrix? Are you any relation? Why aren’t you getting this stuff for free.” Well, because we had to buy it.

The estate didn’t have signed copies of the original agreements that Jimi had signed.

No. In fact, that’s how the Ed Chalpin’s PPX Industries (dispute) happened. Jimi didn’t have a copy of that contract, and that ended up biting everybody in the butt later. It is still biting us.

[After Jimi Hendrix had signed a management and production deal with Yameta in 1966, Mike Jeffery spent a year clearing up Hendrix’s outstanding contract obligations in the U.S.

However, Hendrix had signed a three-year contract in 1965 with Ed Chalpin, who ran Studio 76 in New York, and his PPX Industries while working with Kansas-born singer/guitarist Curtis Knight. With Hendrix’s breakout from the UK, Chalpin filed lawsuits claiming exclusive rights to all Hendrix’s music. For some reason, Hendrix also participated in two recorded jam sessions in New York in 1967 with Chalpin.

The battle between PPX and Yameta came to court in 1968. Lawyers hammered out a settlement that gave PPX a percentage of all Hendrix’s revenues until 1972, and gave Yameta control of any Hendrix material released by PPX. However, the legal dispute with Chalpin has continued to the present day.]

With all your court appearances, you should be accepted at the bar.

I think I am an honorary attorney.

You have a B.A. in education.

I did take a year of law classes, and I contemplated being a lawyer. But treating people in a mean way or twisting around things that they say to make them look bad just isn’t for me. Or having to memorize all of these laws.

You are up on copyright law, however, now?

Absolutely. The last deposition I did for another frivolous (case), my attorney asked, “Do you know how many depositions you’ve taken?” I said, “Maybe 20.” He said, “Over 100.” We have all of the documents in our legal library. I remember seeing the judges and barristers in London in their wigs. We were suing Chalpin there because he was putting out (releases) through (reissue label) Charly Records. Nobody had warned me (about what they wore). I had my head down, and when (the judges and barristers) came out, I almost burst out laughing, but I didn’t.

At one point did your dad realize the estate had troubles?

I will paint the picture for you. Jimi dies in 1970. He’s 27. At that time, my dad is 50, still pretty young. I’ll be 50 in two years. My dad was an eighth grade graduate. He had his own gardening business — he had a great clientele and he was a great gardener. His son dies with this massive estate. But, the music business, my dad didn’t know anything about. A friend of ours knew Sterling Branton, and said that his brother Leo was an entertainment lawyer and practiced civil rights and all that. So on a hand shake, my dad had a deal. If Leo could get anything for my dad—because it seemed like it was a huge mess—than he would be his lawyer for life. It was “You don’t have to pay me anything if I can’t get you anything.” It seemed like a great deal for my dad. So he shook his hand.

[Branton was well known both as a litigator and as an entertainment attorney. Among his first clients in the entertainment industry were Nat King Cole and Dorothy Dandridge. He represented Cole from 1958 until his death in 1965.

A celebrated American civil rights activist, Branton also defended 13 members of the Los Angeles chapter of the Black Panther Party against an unlawful attack by the Los Angeles Police Department during the ‘60s. His most celebrated case was the successful defense and acquittal of civil rights activist Angela Davis in 1972.]

Let me paint the rest of this picture.

My parents lived very simply. My mother was a tailor; my dad was a gardener. We didn’t have a lot of money. Our house cost $36,000, and the bank really owned it. My parents were making payments. So we had to ship Jimi’s body back (from London). Jimi had a studio in New York (Electric Ladyland) but it still owed (overhead payments). Jimi wrecked two cars, and they were in the auto shop. Now dad has got to fly back from London to New York to gather his things up. He’s distraught. His son died. It was just a very hard time.

It took four years for Leo to entangle everything (with the Yameta contracts) because Michael Jeffrey was doing whatever he was doing. Then he dies (in 1973). The “mysterious” plane crash.

Finally, everything seems to be sorted out. Now my parents are going to receive $50,000 a year from the licensing deal. So $50,000 to a gardener that is charging $6 to $10 to do a yard, that’s big money in 1974. We were able to move into a bigger place. By the time this is happening, I am 13 years old.

Was the conflict with the family over the estate two years ago painful for you?

Absolutely. When you divide a family, and people are pointing fingers and, of course, there is money involved and all of that, I’m not one to retaliate on someone else. When my sister was saying whatever she was saying, I didn’t turn around and say, “But you….” They had so many witnesses who were just lying. There were several people who got up and said, “I was at Al’s house and Janie came over, and had Al sign all these documents.”

Any truth to that at all?

First, I’d never seen some of these people in my life. Secondly, I didn’t just go to my dad’s house and say, “Here, sign these documents.” I was very diligent about reading everything to my father, helping him to understand whatever it was that needed to be signed. In times when things needed to be signed, it was always just me and him. There wasn’t a roomful of people or anybody else.

Who was left in the house after Jimi left?

It was just me and Leon. A lot of times Leon was in jail. My dad just kind of threw his hands up with Leon. He couldn’t do much with him. So I think I got the brunt of everybody. My siblings on my mom side, they continued to be raised by their father so they didn’t move in.

Are things better with the family now?

I think they are better in some ways but, sadly with some relatives, we still don’t speak.

Obviously, Leon is angry that his father decided to not give him an inheritance.

Yes. I learned this later. I really did not know that my dad did not include Leon in the will. I did realize, of course, that he wasn’t a beneficiary, but that didn’t mean that he wasn’t going to get money awarded or something. I was shocked that my dad didn’t give him anything.

You went to inner city schools in Seattle. Was it tough being Jimi’s sister?

In elementary school, when Jimi was still alive, I used to get, “Oh wow did you see Jimi Hendrix on TV? He was on Dick Cavett.” My friends would say, “Yeah, that’s Janie, Jimi’s sister.” The older kids would think that was cool but I got teased a lot by kids my age.. Kids would be tough, and I had to stand up for myself.

It is a blessing and a curse having such a famous relationship?

It’s not a curse, but it definitely has its challenges at times. There are jealousies, and misunderstandings. There are always questions of,” What was it like to grow up that way?” Truthfully, and I try to do it with my kids, my dad kept us very grounded.

Was your dad strict?

Strict isn’t even the word. He would look at you, and he wouldn’t say a word. He would just look at you. You knew what that look meant. You’d better knock off what you were doing or you were going to get it. Then he would say something, usually your name. That was usually enough, but if you still continued, you’d get slapped or hit. If mom said, “Wait until your dad gets home” then it was a beat-down with a belt like you were a runaway slave.

Jimi was quite shy and quiet. Was Al like that?

My dad was pretty quiet. He did a lot of deep thinking. He had a lot of wisdom. I could see the same in Jimi. Dad was a person of very few words but when he did say something it was very profound. And Jimi was the same way. He didn’t really talk a lot

I remember when I was a kid and Jimi came back home. He told me that he was sorry (about my father’s strict discipline) because he got whuppings too, when he was young. Later, I found out after my dad wrote his book (“My Son Jimi”), that Jimi never got any whuppings. I never understood why we got so many whuppings if he didn’t.

While Jimi didn’t seem to have a driver’s license, he could never resist taking the wheel of a Corvette, of which he bought several. In one incident, he was almost killed.

I don’t remember seeing a driver license. He was a horrible driver. Do you know why? He needed glasses. When I was a kid I had to wear glasses and I used to tell him that I hated wearing glasses. He tried them on, and he said, “Actually, I need to be wearing your glasses so I can see.”

Unlike Elvis and other late icons, Jimi wrote almost all of his songs including classics like “Foxy Lady,” “Purple Haze” and “Voodoo Child.” How many songs are in the catalog?

There are over 110 songs.

Have there been many covers? It’s hard to beat a Jimi Hendrix performance.

Yeah, but John Mayer does Jimi. Sheryl Crow has recorded Jimi. Paul McCartney and, obviously Bob Dylan and Eric Clapton have recorded his songs. There’s been Robert Randolph (and the Family Band). There was a tribute album (“Stone Free: A Tribute to Jimi Hendrix” in 1993). Prince wanted to do a full album on Jimi.

You don’t allow sampling of his music.

We think it dilutes the catalog. We think it dilutes the ownership of the song. If an artist samples your song, now the ownership is split. Chuck D did a sample of our song, and now we own it (the overall song).

[Rapper Chuck D sampled Jimi Hendrix’s 1971 song “Freedom” as a backdrop for “Free at the Edge of an Answer”, an angry meditation, ironically, on free speech. Last year, the song, as well as “Angel” and a live version of “Foxy Lady” was released as downloadable content for “Guitar Hero: World Tour.”]

Will the Experience Hendrix Tour 2010 help market Jimi’s legacy and his catalog?

It is definitely a marketing tool. It also brings Jimi’s music to younger people who never experienced Jimi onstage. To actually be experienced. That’s what Jimi was talking about. Feeling his music in your bones and experiencing in your body and out of body through your mind. That is how we are trying to bring the music to people.

By launching Dagger Records in the ‘90s, you shut down many of the bootleggers.

I think that it did. It didn’t completely shut (bootlegging down) but it is, at least, giving fans what they were looking for, and lets them see that if something doesn’t have our logo on it than it’s not ours.

Meanwhile, the Experience Hendrix label has also put out Jimi releases over the years. What’s the difference between the two labels?

We have a virtual store where, a lot of the time, its family members who are answering the calls. We try to discourage buyers, if they have never bought any of Jimi’s music, to buy Dagger. If they are a 17-year-old kid, and they have heard about him but have never heard his music, and they pick up a Dagger release they may be disappointed. That’s its not front line. That it’s not stereo. We ask if they have ordered or bought anything else before. If not, then we would encourage them to buy something from the core catalog first. And, once they begin to whet their palette with his music, then they might order a Dagger release. They are really for the hard core fans. They may be mono. They may have been recorded with a (cheap) microphone. Jimi used to carry around a little cassette recorder; and a 4-track recorder.

It has been a few years since you operated the Red House Tour museum on wheels. It was interactive with duplicates of the outfits that Jimi wore onstage.

Sony is very interested in continuing the Red House Tour. We are looking at transforming one of their Sony Playstation buses into our Red House Tour (vehicle) and taking it back on the tour. It has been about 6 or 7 years since we last did that.

In Seattle, there’s the Experience Music Project inspired by Jimi.

We have EMP, and there’s the North West African American Museum that displays his hat. It’s a very small museum. Next to it is the Jimi Hendrix Park. We will have a grand opening for it in 2012.

Will there be another fashion line like the Jimi Hendrix Collection—a collaboration between designer Gina Alexander, and photographer Robert M. Knight which premiered in 2006?

We are still working with Gina. She did another launch of different purses that are inspired by Jimi which are cool. We have a deal with Converse for some really cool tennis shoes inspired by Jimi. They are not out yet. They are coming. I am working with Brand Sense (a Los Angeles firm that specializes in building brands around celebrities) and they will be launching a branding opportunity with Jimi. They work with Sheryl Crow. We hope to do some really cool things that that won’t necessarily have Jimi’s image but will definitely be inspired by Jimi.

All things Jimi?

All things Jimi.

Larry LeBlanc was the Canadian bureau chief of Billboard from 1991-2007 and Canadian editor of Record World from 1970-89. He was also a co-founder of the late Canadian music trade, The Record. He has been quoted on music industry issues in hundreds of publications including Time, Forbes, the London Times and the New York Times.

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Communication for Rescue Workers

Magic Box for Mission Impossible – Improved Communication for Rescue Workers

Niki Naska EUREKA

For rescuers working in remote places, working phones and internet are literally a question of life and death. A team of researchers and businesses in Norway, Spain and Finland decided they need to be equipped with a box with the power to connect them to networks wherever they are.

On September 11, firefighters, police officers and ambulance workers faced a terrifying rescue effort in the World Trade Center complex. They battled to save people from the collapsing Twin Towers, searched for survivors, tackled fires and evacuated as many people as they could in an area which contained an estimated 17,000 people. And making their jobs even harder was the problem of poor communications: frightened workers and their relatives jammed mobile networks with calls and the emergency services’ own radio communications turned out to be incompatible with one another.

Ever since, emergency workers and public authorities across the world have tried to learn lessons from that unprecedented scene and some telecoms specialists have sought to provide some of the technological answers. In Europe, Norwegian, Finnish and Spanish telecoms specialists and researchers started the CELTIC project DeHiGate to develop a technology that would ensure the ability to use phones and internet even in difficult terrain and difficult circumstances. “Our idea was to make a sophisticated box that you could connect to all kinds of communications centers like satellite and wireless, a box that emergency services could take with them instead of a big satellite dish,” says Vidar Karlsen, research and development manager at the Norwegian branch of French electronics firm Thales.

Thales, which initiated the idea, quickly secured interested partners, including university researchers and the Spanish telecoms operator Telefonica. They realized that such technology would also have ready application in many standard emergencies such as accidents on motorways in areas where network coverage is poor. In particular, the researchers wanted to ensure that rescue workers could receive and send each other detailed maps of areas, pictures of a disaster and other graphics and images which might make the rescue quicker or safer. To do that, they needed to ensure emergency workers would have enough bandwidth. Telefonica developed an application to estimate the bandwidth available on a network in order to make a decision on whether to connect to another network.

Karlsen says the box which the team began developing was an advanced router, which used existing hardware and equipment. The challenge was for the team to develop and test new software to make it work the way they wanted. Telefonica developed the best way to use large servers on the move, crucial work to make it easier to roll out networks in remote areas. Its workers explored the analysis of data in real time from geographical information systems.

The knowledge gained by the partners in DeHiGate about setting up adhoc networks could also be easily transferred to other telecoms markets. Telefonica agrees. “The results and the ideas which came up in this project, both in terms of (network) architecture and applications, have been the foundation for the development of a large project about personalization, advertising and the use of telephone directory services,” said Erik Miguel Fernandez, Project Manager for Research in Information Systems at Telefonica.

“We had a fire and accidents, we had a scenario where we had to bring people out from a burning building,” remembers Karlsen. “As a developer you always have an idea of the user’s requirements, but when you see the actual requirements you realize you could never think of all that.”

Firefighters took part in the simulations and gave their views on the technology. The developers set up emergency ad hoc radio stations to deploy communications and watched as firefighters made calls, used the internet and even passed video footage of the disaster back to their colleagues at the base. “With this you can get reports on digital maps and see where each and every firefighter was,” says Karlsen.

DeHiGate hit hurdles, however. Initial partners struggled to secure funding or pulled out and project progress became sluggish. Developers had to use a mid-term review to get their focus back. They set themselves a deadline to develop a prototype box in time for a two-day emergency simulation in Finland.

Firefighters pointed out aspects of the technology which they would prefer to work differently, pointing out, for instance, that ordinary video cameras might not be good enough quality for areas affected by a lot of smoke and thermal cameras might be needed. However, in general they gave the new box their approval.

Since the project completed last year, Thales has continued to develop the router with a view to commercial contracts. “The direct users of this product might be limited groups – emergency workers – but what this project achieved could affect a broad group of people, whole countries,” says Heinz Brueggemann, the director of CELTIC.

A total of 411 rescue workers were among the 2,995 people who died in the September 11 attacks. During the struggle to save lives, much helpful information from 911 callers was not passed to rescuers on the ground because of poor communications. A police warning for emergency workers to evacuate the towers before they collapsed was also not well conveyed. If a system similar to DeHiGate had been in place, perhaps as many emergency worker lives might not have been lost in action. CELTIC found a way to improve the safety of those who their lives at risk to save others.

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About Medicare / Medicaid?

Medicaid and Medicare are two governmental programs that provide medical and health-related services to specific groups of people in the United States. Although the two programs are very different, they are both managed by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, a division of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

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Medicare is a social insurance program that serves more than 44 million enrollees (as of 2008). The program costs about $432 billion, or 3.2% of GDP, in 2007. Medicaid is a social welfare (or social protection) program that serves about 40 million people (as of 2007) and costs about $330 billion, or 2.4% of GDP, in 2007. Together, Medicare and Medicaid represent 21% of the FY 2007 U.S. federal government.

Both Medicaid and Medicare were created when President Lyndon B. Johnson signed amendments to the Social Security Act on July 30, 1965.

What is Medicaid?

Medicaid is a means-tested health and medical services program for certain individuals and families with low incomes and few resources. Primary oversight of the program is handled at the federal level, but each state:

  • Establishes its own eligibility standards,
  • Determines the type, amount, duration, and scope of services,
  • Sets the rate of payment for services, and
  • Administers its own Medicaid program.

What services are provided with Medicaid?

Although the States are the final deciders of what their Medicaid plans provide, there are some mandatory federal requirements that must be met by the States in order to receive federal matching funds. Required services include:

  • Inpatient hospital services
  • Outpatient hospital services
  • Prenatal care
  • Vaccines for children
  • Physician services
  • Nursing facility services for persons aged 21 or older
  • Family planning services and supplies
  • Rural health clinic services
  • Home health care for persons eligible for skilled-nursing services
  • Laboratory and x-ray services
  • Pediatric and family nurse practitioner services
  • Nurse-midwife services
  • Federally qualified health-center (FQHC) services and ambulatory services
  • Early and periodic screening, diagnostic, and treatment (EPSDT) services for children under age 21

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States may also provide optional services and still receive Federal matching funds. The most common of the 34 approved optional Medicaid services are:

  • Diagnostic services
  • Clinic services
  • Intermediate care facilities for the mentally retarded (ICFs/MR)
  • Prescribed drugs and prosthetic devices
  • Optometrist services and eyeglasses
  • Nursing facility services for children under age 21
  • Transportation services
  • Rehabilitation and physical therapy services
  • Home and community-based care to certain persons with chronic impairments

Who is eligible for Medicaid?

Each state sets its own Medicaid eligibility guidelines. The program is geared towards people with low incomes, but eligibility also depends on meeting other requirements based on age, pregnancy status, disability status, other assets, and citizenship.

States must provide Medicaid services for individuals who fall under certain categories of need in order for the state to receive federal matching funds. For example, it is required to provide coverage to certain individuals who receive federally assisted income-maintenance payments and similar groups who do not receive cash payments. Other groups that the federal government considers “categorically needy” and who must be eligible for Medicaid include:

  • Individuals who meet the requirements for the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program that were in effect in their state on July 16, 1996
  • Children under age 6 whose family income is at or below 133% of the Federal poverty level (FPL)
  • Pregnant women with family income below 133% of the FPL
  • Supplemental Security Income (SSI) recipients
  • Recipients of adoption or foster care assistance under Title IV of the Social Security Act
  • Special protected groups such as individuals who lose cash assistance due to earnings from work or from increased Social Security benefits
  • Children born after September 30, 1983 who are under age 19 and in families with incomes at or below the FPL
  • Certain Medicare beneficiaries

States may also choose to provide Medicaid coverage to other similar groups that share some characteristics with the ones stated above but are more broadly defined. These include:

  • Infants up to age 1 and pregnant women whose family income is not more than a state-determined percentage of the FPL
  • Certain low-income and low-resource children under the age of 21
  • Low-income institutionalized individuals
  • Certain aged, blind, or disabled adults with incomes below the FPL
  • Certain working-and-disabled persons with family income less than 250 percent of the FPL
  • Some individuals infected with tuberculosis
  • Certain uninsured or low-income women who are screened for breast or cervical cancer
  • Certain “medically needy” persons, which allow States to extend Medicaid eligibility to persons who would be eligible for Medicaid under one of the mandatory or optional groups, except that their income and/or resources are above the eligibility level, set by their State.

Medicaid does not provide medical assistance for all poor persons. In fact, it is estimated that about 60% of America’s poor are not covered by the program.

Who pays for services provided by Medicaid?

Medicaid does not pay money to individuals, but operates in a program that sends payments to the health care providers. States make these payments based on a fee-for-service agreement or through prepayment arrangements such as health maintenance organizations (HMOs).

Each State is then reimbursed for a share of their Medicaid expenditures from the Federal Government. This Federal Medical Assistance Percentage (FMAP) is determined each year and depends on the State’s average per capita income level. Richer states receive a smaller share than poorer states, but by law the FMAP must be between 50% and 83%.

States may impose nominal deductibles, coinsurance, or copayments on some Medicaid beneficiaries for certain services. However, the following Medicaid beneficiaries must be excluded from cost sharing:

  • Pregnant women,
  • Children under age 18, and
  • Hospital or nursing home patients who are expected to contribute most of their income to institutional care.

All Medicaid beneficiaries must be exempt from copayments for emergency services and family planning services.

What is Medicare?

Medicare is a Federal health insurance program that pays for hospital and medical care for elderly and certain disabled Americans.

The program consists of two main parts for hospital and medical insurance (Part A and Part B) and two additional parts that provide flexibility and prescription drugs (Part C and Part D).

Medicare Part A, or Hospital Insurance (HI), helps pay for hospital stays, which includes meals, supplies, testing, and a semi-private room. This part also pays for home health care such as physical, occupational, and speech therapy that is provided on a part-time basis and deemed medically necessary. Care in a skilled nursing facility as well as certain medical equipment for the aged and disabled such as walkers and wheelchairs are also covered by Part A. Part A is generally available without having to pay a monthly premium since payroll taxes are used to cover these costs.

Medicare Part B is also called Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI). It helps pay for medically necessary physician visits, outpatient hospital visits, home health care costs, and other services for the aged and disabled. For example, Part B covers:

  • Durable medical equipment (canes, walkers, scooters, wheelchairs, etc.)
  • Physician and nursing services
  • X-rays, laboratory and diagnostic tests
  • Certain vaccinations
  • Blood transfusions
  • Renal dialysis
  • Outpatient hospital procedures
  • Some ambulance transportation
  • Immunosuppressive drugs after organ transplants
  • Chemotherapy
  • Certain hormonal treatments
  • Prosthetic devices and eyeglasses.

Part B requires a monthly premium ($96.40 per month in 2009), and patients must meet an annual deductible ($135.00 in 2009) before coverage actually begins. Enrollment in Part B is voluntary.

Medicare Advantage Plans (sometimes known as Medicare Part C, or Medicare + Choice) allow users to design a custom plan that can be more closely aligned with their medical needs. These plans enlist private insurance companies to provide some of the coverage, but details vary based on the program and eligibility of the patient. Some Advantage Plans team up with health maintenance organizations (HMOs) or preferred provider organizations (PPOs) to provide preventive health care or specialist services. Others focus on patients with special needs such as diabetes.

In 2006, Medicare expanded to include a prescription drug plan known as Medicare Part D. Part D is administered by one of several private insurance companies, each offering a plan with different costs and lists of drugs that are covered. Participation in Part D requires payment of a premium and a deductible. Pricing is designed so that 75% of prescription drug costs are covered by Medicare if you spend between $250 and $2,250 in a year. The next $2,850 spent on drugs is not covered, but then Medicare covers 95% of what is spent past $3,600.

What about services that are not provided through Medicare?

Supplemental coverage for medical expenses and services that are not covered by Medicare are offered through MediGap plans. MediGap consists of 12 plans that the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services have authorized private companies to sell and administer. Since the availability of Medicare Part D, MediGap plans are no longer able to include drug coverage.

Who is eligible for Medicare?

To be eligible for Medicare, an individual must either be at least 65 years old, under 65 and disabled, or any age with End-Stage Renal Disease (permanent kidney failure that requires dialysis or a transplant.)

In addition, eligibility for Medicare requires that an individual is a U.S. citizen or permanent legal resident for 5 continuous years and is eligible for Social Security benefits with at least ten years of payments contributed into the system.

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Who pays for services provided by Medicare?

Payroll taxes collected through FICA (Federal Insurance Contributions Act) and the Self-Employment Contributions Act are a primary component of Medicare funding. The tax is 2.9% of wages, usually half paid by the employee and half paid by the employer. Moneys are set aside in a trust fund that the government uses to reimburse doctors, hospitals, and private insurance companies. Additional funding for Medicare services comes from premiums, deductibles, coinsurance, and copays.

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Hot Tips on Waiting Tables

Jim Lewis & Lillie Lewis (No Relations)
Write down orders. Special orders do not upset wait staff at finer restaurants, but they often get them wrong. The only thing more annoying than a waitperson that won’t write down an order and then gets it wrong is one who does write it down and still gets it wrong. You have a much better chance getting the order right if you write it down and repeat it back.

Have a system so that you can remember who ordered what. This is especially important if someone else serves the food. At finer restaurants, they never have to ask who ordered what, regardless of the size of the party.

Pay attention to details. When you are writing down the order, it is important to listen carefully. I usually drink iced tea. I always order it with no lemon and lots of ice. Usually what I get is warm tea with a few melted ice cubes, plus a lemon. Getting the drink order wrong sets the tone for the whole meal. It tells me that the waiter person does not pay attention to detail.

Remember the details – if I asked for lots of ice, pay attention to the level of ice during my refills.

When you bring the drinks, they go on the right – above the knife. Look at the place setting diagram – http://www.findalink.net/diningetiquette.php Don’t serve bread or appetizers without a small plate. Bread plates go on the left.

Another example of getting the details wrong is sauces. Frequently at seafood restaurants I observe someone ordering cocktail sauce or extra tartar sauce. You almost always have to ask twice. Write it down and make sure it comes with the food. If I ordered a sauce or condiment, I will most likely wait to begin eating until I am fully served. That means my entree gets cold while I wait to ask for the item a second time and have it delivered.

Pace the meal. You should not be bringing my soup when I haven’t finished my appetizer. My salad should not come before I finish my soup. And my entree should not come before I finish my salad. On the other hand, don’t make the customer wait an inordinate amount of time between courses.

Leave the customer’s dinner napkin alone if he gets up from the table. I often ask for a second napkin at meals when I am eating something messy. Inevitably if I get up from the table, some well-meaning waitperson decides to fold my napkin. He will either drop my second napkin on the floor or assume it was an extra and get rid of it. Then I get to ask for a second napkin a second time. It also doesn’t seem to matter where I leave my napkin. If I fold it up and leave it on the table, it will get moved to the armrest of the chair. If I leave it on the arm rest, it will get moved to the table. Leave my napkin alone! End napkin rant.

If I have my wallet out or if I ask for the check, don’t ask me if I saved room for dessert. Give me my check.

I thought of another one – unless the customer strikes up a conversation with you don’t be too chatty. Politely answer questions, but don’t hang around to visit. If there is more than one person, they usually have their own conversation going. If it is just one person and he doesn’t initiate chatting, he probably wants to get in and get out, or have some peace and quiet.

Keep the music down low or don’t have any at all. There is nothing worse than trying to over talk loud music.

Other Tips
I do agree with the write down orders comment. Some restaurants have no certain requirements when it comes to writing orders. The normal method is to write down orders on any party of 3 or larger. Most believe that if you can’t remember specifics on only 2 people, then you may not want to wait tables. I completely understand the stress of having your order come out wrong simply because the server wanted to practice their memorization skills

Most restaurants do have a table numbering system and we always leave the kitchen with everyone assigned a seat to serve to.

Lillie
On the comment concerned with the drink order, it sounds to me as if that person was not really fit to wait tables. I always order my tea without lemon as well and I can relate with you to how it can offset a meal. I pay particular attention when it comes to specifications of orders because I know if they’re going out of their way to tell me how they want it, I should go out of mine to pay attention and make them happy. Not to mention I love it when they request no lemon, it takes less time to prepare the drink.

Most serve bread off of a large trey from which we use two large spoons as tongs if you will to put 2 pieces of bread on each person’s bread tray which is setup to the left.

Sauces are one thing can get very confusing. I know many times when I’m working at the more casual restaurant; I will put “sauce on side” on the ticket of our Baja Fish Tacos (which are delicious). But another server often comes to my food right as it comes out and I’m with a table, not even look at my ticket, and then put the sauce on them, ruining the tacos. I appreciate other servers trying to help me, but I don’t appreciate their inconsiderateness when it comes to the details of my customer’s food and their requests.

As each course comes, we pick up the dishes soon after the customer finishes them, but we wait for all plates to be finished and taken up before continuing with the next course, so all customers are served at the same time. However, we try not to pick up dishes early if people finish them quickly simply because we don’t want the others at the table to feel rushed.

As much as I wish I could leave the napkin alone, our restaurant policy requires that when a person leaves the table, we push their chair in and fold the napkin loosely and place it on the table, normally to the right since the bread plate is on the left. Yet if I do drop the napkin on the floor, which I have on occasion, I quickly replace it with a new one. I never assume it is not needed and only remove napkins from the table upon request.
In my personal opinion, a napkin seems to me as if it should be considered more of a personal item and not be handled by anyone else. Since it is used to cover your mouth while coughing and wiping your mouth and hands, I do not like people to touch my napkin at restaurants and I’d rather not touch theirs while I’m working. But, as previously stated… restaurant policy = /

The wallet or card on the table brings me back to people who shouldn’t be servers. When I see a wallet or card on the table I know they want the check. Either they weren’t interested in desert, I waited too long to offer desert, or they have somewhere else to be. At that point, I get the check as soon as possible and deliver it to the person with the wallet/card out.

I have work at cretin high end places that simply don’t pursue the “fine dining” environment. It isn’t part of their concept. Although I do agree that the serving part is basically the only quality lacking to consider those restaurants for.

I very rarely get conversations out of my tables. I know 2 or 3 of my co workers initiate conversations with them and by the end of the night; they’ve made new regulars out of them. I guess it really just depends on how the server presents the conversation and how the guests receive it. We encounter so many various attitudes, some are obviously open to a conversation, some will after they warm up a bit, but others just keep to themselves and talk as little as possible.

Music is a part of both restaurants where I work. It is turned off during business meetings and it never goes over a soft, yet audible volume.

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A New Rx for Cancer: Ignore It (Sometimes)

Dr. H. Gilbert Welch says cancer treatments are often worse than the tumors—especially because some of them go away naturally.

By Andrew Grant; photography by Anne Sherwood

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You might expect that the next advances in cancer prevention will mean better and more frequent tests that will pick up tumors at the earliest possible stage, followed by a blitzkrieg treatment that will completely wipe out the disease. Not so, predicts physician H. Gilbert Welch, professor at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice. He believes that as our understanding of cancer biology improves, we will use cancer tests more judiciously —and treat less. Already, he says, we have over diagnosed and over treated millions of patients who would have done just fine without medical intervention. Welch wants doctors to do the unthinkable: Consider ignoring some early signs of cancer. It sounds like an outrageous proposal, but some of Welch’s skepticism about the value of aggressive screening and early treatment is taking hold. In March the National Breast Cancer Coalition spoke out against a bill that promotes early-detection screening in women under 40. Welch recently discussed some of the findings that support his surprising views.

What have we misunderstood about cancer?

The problem is that whenever we look for early forms of disease, we realize a much larger swath of the population has early forms than will ever experience symptoms or develop problems from it. Think of all cancer as an iceberg. In the past, what we saw was only above the waterline. That’s the cancer that was obvious, the clinical cancers. Now we’re looking below the waterline, and we realize there’s a lot more there. In the late 1980s the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test led to a dramatic epidemic of prostate cancer. This was the first large-scale clinical demonstration that the amount of cancer was a function of how hard doctors looked for it. If we look harder, we’ll always find more.

And prostate cancer was a particularly dramatic example that has led literally millions of American men to be treated for a disease that they were not going to die from or even have symptoms from.

What is the evidence that today’s doctors are over treating cancer?

Probably the best work has been done by pathologists looking at the prostates of men who died for some reason other than prostate cancer and were never known to have prostate cancer. The researchers found that for men over 50, roughly half will have some pathological evidence of prostate cancer. In context, the risk of death from prostate cancer is about 3 percent, so the potential over diagnosis ratio is on the order of 10 or 20 to 1. Another prostate screening study found that it looked like about 50 men had to be diagnosed and treated unnecessarily for one to benefit. There is a similar example from lung cancer screening. In one lung cancer study, the most telling observation was that for those getting screened regularly, the rate of cancer detection was almost the same in smokers as it was in nonsmokers—even though we know that smokers face about a 20-fold increased risk of dying from lung cancer.

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Tips & Health Risk of Getting a Tattoo

Tips & Health Risk of Getting a Tattoo:

bigstockphoto_tattoo_gun_2545857.s600x600In Western culture tattoos are often seen as something associated with people on the edge of society. Since the early 90s, however, tattooing has become more common and socially acceptable in Australia.

Although more people these days seem to have tattoos, getting one still carries some risks.

Note: In South Australia it is an offence for young people under the age of 18 years to be tattooed, except if it is done for a medical reason by a doctor or someone supervised by a doctor.

History

Tattooing has been around for nearly as long as humans have been around. An early example was found on a frozen body 9000 years old! Tattooing has become a part of the culture of almost all societies.

Early Christians used tattoos as symbols of recognition, until they were banned by Papal edict.

The word ‘tattoo’ was first brought to the English language after Captain Cook’s voyages to Tahiti. Western sailors then began to adopt tattooing.

In the early 19th century, tattooing became very popular with criminals and the working class in Britain and the US; hence the association of tattoos with people on the fringes of society. Tattooing retained this negative image until its recent revival as a mainstream symbol of individuality as well as defiance.

Reasons people get tattoos

There are many reasons why people choose to have a tattoo on their body, including:

  • Cultural reasons – i.e. coming of age or rites of passage
  • To express individuality
  • To indicate membership of a particular group or way of life
  • To make a statement
  • To establish a permanent reminder of an event – such as the death of a loved one
  • To reclaim the body after an event – for example, a sexual assault
  • To make the body more pleasing to their eye
  • To annoy parents?

It seems that getting a tattoo can make someone look like an individual or a conformist, depending on your view. People have been known to get tattoos as an impulsive act, perhaps when they were intoxicated – and they may or may not regret it later when they are sober.

Health risks

Getting a tattoo at an accredited professional tattoo parlor is relatively risk-free, but getting a tattoo still puts you at risk of the following:

  • serious infectious diseases such as hepatitis C, hepatitis B or HIV (which are passed on via infected blood or other body fluids), or tetanus
  • skin infections such as impetigo (‘school sores’)
  • dermatitis
  • flare ups of existing eczema
  • allergic reactions
  • thick scars called keloids (you are more likely to get these if you have dark skin)
  • distress due to regret after the procedure – this has been identified as one of the main problems after getting a tattoo.

Things to consider

Tattooing is a painful process, and tattoos are expensive to remove. If you want to have a tattoo removed there will always be a scar.

You need to carefully consider the reasons behind your need to get a tattoo before going through with it. Trends come and go, but a badly chosen tattoo lasts forever, or costs a lot to remove. Just ask Johnny Depp or Angelina Jolie.

If you do decide to get a tattoo, you need to go to a qualified professional. Home-made tattoos, such as those made with Indian ink, should never be considered.

When choosing a tattoo artist you should make sure of the following:

  • that the tattoo parlor uses new sterile equipment for each client, or thoroughly cleans and sterilizes equipment (eg. by using an autoclave)
  • Those standard precautions are followed to reduce risks of infections, as used in many places, including hospitals. Can they show you how they keep clients safe?
  • that the tattoo artist has credentials, a license and references
  • That the tattoo parlor looks clean, safe and professional. You should use your judgment and keep away from a parlor that seems dodgy.

If the tattoo artist is a professional, then he or she will be happy to show you the ways in which their workplace adheres to standard safe practices. If they are uncooperative or give you a hard time because of your requests, simply leave – they do not deserve your trust or your business.

If you get a tattoo

A new tattoo requires some careful attention. A tattoo is an open wound until it heals. Here are some general rules, but make sure you follow the advice of the tattoo artist about how to best care for the area.

  • The artist will usually apply an ointment like those used for nappy rash or another product especially made for tattoos, and then covers it.
  • After an hour or two the tattoo should be washed with warm soapy water, and then patted dry with a clean towel. Do not rub over the tattoo. The ointment is lightly applied and the tattoo covered again. This process will need to be repeated daily for about a week.
  • During this time you should not soak your tattoo. This means no pool, seawater or baths, so if you are planning to go swimming maybe you should schedule the tattoo for another time.
  • Do not expose your tattoo to direct sunlight for this period either. After it is healed you need to put sunscreen on it each time you expose it. The sun will drain the color over time, and the tattooed area could be more susceptible to harmful rays.
  • The tattoo will leak some fluids, become itchy and peel. This is normal, but make sure that you don’t scratch the tattoo or pick at the scabs; this could cause damage to the tattoo.
  • If the skin around the tattooed area becomes very red, swollen or tender, this can mean that the area is infected. Go to a doctor, as you might need antibiotic treatment.

Resources

South Australia

  • The Second Story Youth Health Service (TSS)
    – Central: 57 Hyde St, Adelaide
    – South: 50a Beach Rd, Christies Beach
    – North: 6 Gillingham Rd, Elizabeth
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What is Mayan Date 09-09-09?

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Malmö, September 6, 2009 (11 Edznab)

Carl Johan Calleman

The number nine has been endowed with a special significance in many different spiritual and religious traditions. Nine was the number of muses in Greek mythology and Nine were the number of worlds in the Scandinavian. Nine was the number of doors to the holiest part of the temple in Jerusalem and the month of Ramadan is the Ninth in the Muslim calendar. Moreover, the counting system used by most of the world today includes nine numbers and so the relevance of this number is much ingrained in us. Also, in the Mayan tradition the number Nine plays a predominating role. The only existing inscription from ancient times that discusses the meaning of the Mayan calendar “end date” for instance speaks of Nine “deities” that will descend then as its crucial event. This would in modern wording mean that Nine energies or Nine cosmic forces would fully manifest then since the ancient Maya would look upon time periods as “deities”. As far as we can tell these “deities”, or cosmic forces, are like evolutionary wave movements, built on top of one another where we are currently riding on the eighth one getting ready to ride on the ninth.

The Nine Cosmic levels (Underworlds) that according to the only existing Mayan inscription about the calendar end date (Tortuguero monument 6) will manifest then. Currently we are in the eighth level (The Galactic Underworld) gearing up to the Ninth and highest level, the Universal Underworld. Photo of the Pyramid of the Jaguar in Tikal by the author.)

In the manifestation of these evolutionary waves we may now as we approach the Ninth level notice an amazing synchronicity. This is that the upcoming date 9.9.9 (September 9, 2009 in the Gregorian calendar) happens to coincide with the beginning of a Mayan Sacred Calendar count of 260 days. Hence, in this calendar, in use since 3000 years, the modern date 9.9.9 has the energy of Hun Immix, or 1 Alligator as its English translation reads, which happens to be the first of its energetic combinations. If we ponder what this synchronicity may be telling us the most natural conclusion to draw is that on this particular date we are called to focus on the number nine and especially the Ninth level of the Mayan calendar system, whose coming into existence we are soon about to witness.

I believe that behind these cosmic forces, whose times of activation are described by the Mayan calendar, is an intelligent plan for the history of humanity that comes from a higher source and has a benevolent intention. To realize this is also to understand the importance of the guidance regarding how to follow this plan that we may gain from the calendar of the Maya. These nine cosmic forces are influencing and in fact governing our collective consciousness and so we have every reason to pay attention to what is going on in this cosmic time plan.

Synchronicities can often be interpreted in different ways, but if they are profound they always deserve our attention. 9.9.9, three Nines in a row, may for instance be seen as symbolic of three sacred calendar rounds of 260 days that will now in three steps lead us to the completion of the Ninth level of evolution which is its highest level. To the best of our knowledge this highest energy state of the universe will be attained on the energy 13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13 13 Ahau (13 and Ahau are symbols of completion in the Mayan calendar) on the Gregorian date October 28, 2011. This highest state does not in any sense mean the end of the world, but only that all the Nine wave movements are then completed. Maybe we can use the metaphor that we are now about to climb the last hard steps of a ladder until we climb on to the roof where we will find a new stability under our feet and a place to rest.

Regardless of what this final climb will mean we thus have reasons to expect an unprecedented period of change in a very short period of time. This is partly because we are entering the final phase of the eighth level of evolution and partly because a wave movement of a very high frequency, the Ninth level, will radically come to transform the collective consciousness in such a way that we will see the world in an entirely different light. It is for this reason that in the three upcoming Sacred Calendar rounds that follow upon 9.9.9 we will need to network and focus our intentions so that they converge in the birth of a new world. This is all the more important as there are several sources that seem to indicate that the sixth night of the Galactic Underworld, beginning on November 8, 2009, may come to generate a deep downturn in the world’s economy.

The first of these 260-day Sacred Calendar rounds, the one which actually begins on 9.9.9 and goes on until May 26, 2010, may be seen as a period of build-up to the Ninth level that is suitable for prayer, meditation and mental focusing. We encourage community building, networking and spiritual synchronization in this time period, also of a practical nature. The second 260 calendar round, starting 27.05.10 will create a preliminary arrival of the Ninth level and the beginning of this will be marked by the Cosmic Convergence, July 17-18, a significant focus point for spiritual projects of a practical nature that will prepare for the birth of a new world. The third Sacred Calendar round of 260 days will begin February 11, 2011 and includes the actual activation of the Ninth level, the Universal Underworld on March 8, 2011. This may be the most dramatic of the three steps as it leads up to the establishment of the highest energy state of the universe on October 28, 2011.

I believe that through these three steps, three Sacred Calendar rounds, starting on 9.9.9: 1/ Build-up, 2/ Preparatory Ninth level and 3/ Actual Ninth level of the evolution of the cosmos, the universe is now about to deliver what it has been striving towards all along, the establishment of a new level of consciousness, a unity consciousness. I also believe that the Ninth level is designed especially to generate such a unity consciousness, which will transform all of human society. For the human race it will mean very big challenges and opportunities. These changes will however not happen by themselves and need to be manifested by the human beings themselves who may then choose to resist or welcome them. From this perspective we may thus look at the date 9.9.9 not only as a numerological curiosity to celebrate, but also as an opportunity for us to focus on and embrace the participation of humanity in a transformation process of a very large scale, the one brought by the Ninth level of the Cosmos.

From what we may understand of the Mayan calendar the unity consciousness will set an end to all forms of dominance of one human over another and especially those generated by the left brain. What this likely will mean is that instruments of dominance, such as the current financial system, weapons, national borders and many other structures upholding authority in this process will come to crumble as an effect of this unity consciousness coming into existence and so conclude with the birth of a new world where a divine harmony characterize the human relations. This end to dominance will also affect the relationship between the genders on a global scale that as a result will profoundly shift. Needless to say, there will never be any return to business as usual. Instead we will need to approach the birth of the new world consciously and with an intention of co-creating it in a positive sense and not just react to the various difficulties that lie ahead. I believe that such a collective intention of co-creating the new world will be the best way of easing the consequences of these difficulties.

Although what is starting on 9.9.9 is only the build-up phase to the Ninth level, this date is nonetheless a very important focusing point since the timing of the continued preparations for the emergence of this level are of the essence. From this follows that the more practical projects that will start to manifest in the Cosmic Convergence, July 17-18 2010 as the name implies, will have to be based on an understanding that the very framework of the human existence and of consciousness will be dramatically expanded. The expansion of human consciousness is what will bring the socio-economic transformation at a time when the hardships of the old systems may be expected to be painfully felt also by nations that currently may been considered as wealthy. As the Ninth level is finally activated our identities will come to be defined in a much expanded spiritual framework.

This article comes much too late to encourage people more broadly to focus and intend together for the future. Nonetheless, many will celebrate the 9.9.9 date regardless (see for example http://www.fredpajorden.se/sida21.html ). The purpose of my present article is then only to inform those that will be celebrating this date anyway, that indeed this is not just a numerological curiosity in the Gregorian calendar, but that the date plays a profound objective role in the cosmic plan as we may understand this from the Mayan calendar directly leading up to the birth of a new world through the Ninth level, 9.9.9. It is an ideal time to participate in prayers and meditations with the focus and intention of co-creating a new and better world. Additional tools for networking and communication with the focus on the Cosmic Convergence, July 17-18, 2012 will be developed as we go along. 9.9.9 may be seen as an initial and modest initial call for the co-creation of the birth of a new world.

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